History & Biography of The 5th Seljuk Sultan Berkyaruq -
Rukn Al Deen Abul Muzaffar Berkyaruq Ibn Melikshah jinhe irani log ABUL MUZAFFAR RUKN AD DEEN IBN MELIK SHAH naam se jante hain. aapki paydaish muarrikheen 1079 - 80 ke darmiyaan batate hain. aap 1094 se 1105 tak seljuk saltanat ke 5ve sultan the. sultan malik shah avval ke baad taqreeban seljuk saltanat tukdon me takseem hona shuru ho gayi thi. seljuk shahzadon me janasheeni ke liye jangein shuru ho gayi thi.
sultan melik shah ne apna waris apne sabse bade bete berkyaruq ko chuna tha lekin unki teesri bivi terken khatun apne 4 saal ke bete mahmud avval ko sultan banane me kaamyaab rahi. 1092 me sultan melik shah ke intqal ke berkyaruq ki umr mahaz 13 saal ki thi. unki maut ki baat terken khatun ne raaz banakar chhupaye rakhi usne seljuki ameeron ko daulat dekar apne bete mahmud ko sultan banane par amada kar liya.
terken khatun ne sultan ki angoothi isfahan me qiledaar ko khat ke sath bhijvakar kaha ki sultan melik shah ki vasiyat ke mutabiq berkyaruq ko giraftaar karke qaid me daal diya jaye". baghdadi abbasi khalifa al muqtadi nek sifat aur adil hukmraan tha deeni duniyavi salahiyaat aur malumaat bakhubi usme maujood thi. terken khatun ne khalifa se apni beti gavhar khatun ka nikah karva diya.
jis se ki khalifa bhi mahmud 1 ki sultaniyat hasil karne me rukavat payda na kare. khalifa ne mahmud 1 ko melik shah ka waris tasleem kiya tha kyuki terken khatun ki sazisho se khilafat mushqilaat me dalna nahi chahta tha. use dar tha ki kahi alame islam me jange chhid gayi to musalmaan bikhar jayenge. Sultan melik shah baghdad ke andruni maamlaat me mudakhilat kiya karte the unhone khalifa ko dabane ki bharpoor koshishein ki thi.
lekin khalifa ne in tamaam koshishaat ko nakaam kar diya. terken khatun apne 4 sala bete ko naami sultan banakar khud saltanat apni mutthi me karna chahti thi. sultan melik shah ke jism ko terken khatun ne isfahan lakar ek madarse me dafan karva diya tha. sultan melik shah ke vafadar daste nizame gulam ko jab in halat ka ilm hua to unhone berkyaruq ko zindaan se aazad kara liya.
berkyaruq un hazaron gulamon ke lashqar ke sath shahre rey pahuncha aur vahaan takhtnasheeni ke liye marasim bulvaye gaye. terken khatun ko ilm hone par usne berkyaruq ke katl ke liye. Isfahan me fauj ravana ki lekin terken khatun ke kayi sipah salaar berkyaruq ki aur ho gaye. is se berkyaruq ki taqat me aur izafa ho gaya aur terken khatun ko shikast tasleem karni padi.
lekin in sab ke baad bhi terken khatun ne melik shah ke chacha zaat bhai emir ismail ko nikah ka paygaam bhijvaya aur use apne hi sage bhanje berkyaruq ke khilaf istmaal karna chaha. emir ismail ne berkyaruq se bagavat kar di aur jang ka aylaan kar diya lekin emir ismail ko shikast ka muh dekhna naseeb hua. muarrikheen likhte hain ki in sab ke chand dinon ke baad hi terken khatun aur uske 7 saala umr ke bete mahmud ke qatl kar diya gaya.
1094 me berkyaruq ne sultaniyat hasil ki. 1095 me sultan melik shah ke bhai tutush arslan ne isfahan par chadhayi kar di berkyaruq ne is jang me fatah hasil ki. berkyaruq ne apne sautele bhai ahmed sencer selcuk ko khurasaan ki sultaniyat de di. senjer 21 saal tak vaha ka sultan raha. berkyaruq ke vazeer muizz ul mulk ne uske chhote bhai muhammed melik tapar avval ko bagavat par uksaya aur use shahre ray par kabze ke liye lashkar ke sath ravana kiya.
melik tapar 1 ne vaha kabza kar liya muizz ul mulk ne vahaan maujood berkyaruq ki valida zubayda khatun ka qatl karva diya. 60 saal urooz pane vali seljuk saltanat aakhir me 5 hisson me takseem ho gayi. muhammed tapar 1 ne berkyaruq se 5 jangein ki. berkyaruq ko is baat ka ilm hone par berkyaruk ne intqami taur par muizz ul mulk ko qaid kar ke qatl karwa diya. ulama ne dono bhaiyon ke beech sulah karwayi.
jis ke mutabik berkyaruq ko iran aur muhammed melik tapar avval ko azerbayjan ki sultaniyat hasil hui. jab use jangon se sukoon mayassar hone hi wala tha ki berkyaruq san 1105 isvi me mahaz 25 saala umr me is dunya e fani se intqaal kar gaye. unke baad unke bete melik shah saani ne apna takht sambhala. lekin muhammed tapar ne malik shah 2 ko qatl karke vahaan par qabza kar liya tha.
seljuk saltanat ki takseemi ka nuksan duniya bhar ke musalmaano ko hua saleebiyon ne alame islam ki mukhtalif saltanton aur riyasaton me foot dalkar aur unhe ladvakar baytul muqaddas par qabza kar liya kyuki mutahid musalmano se jang jeetna saleebiyon ke liye behad mushkil hi nahi namumkin tha. malikshah ki aulad aapas me takht ke liye lad rahi thi saleebiyon ko koi rokne wala nahi tha.
1097 me konya me saleebiyon aur emir kilic arslan ke darmiyaan jang hui. kilic arslan bahaduri himmat aur shujaat se ladte hue 10 lakh ke saleebi lashkar ka muqabla na kar sake. is jangi fatah se saleebiyon ka haunsla aasmaano tak buland kar diya. saleebiyon ka agla hadaf Quds tha. jashne fatah manate hue saleebi lashkar arze quds par pahuncha. vahaan ke musalmaano ko khule aam qaatl kiya gaya.
1099 me quds saleebiyon ke haath chala gaya. musalmano ki aapsi jangon se mulke shaam me saleebiyon ne apni 4 riyasate kayam kar li thi.
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